Contents:
- Varieties delay
- Reasons for the delay of progression
- Symptoms of fetal growth retardation
- Examination of the pregnant woman
- Treatment of growth retardation
- Delivery when fetal growth retardation
Pregnancy - a time of joyful expectation, not only, but also a lot of excitement and anxiety. That, however, is not surprising - the development of a new life is a very complicated process. And sometimes the mother-waiting is not pleasant surprises. One of these is growth retardation.
As you can guess from the name of Pathology, in this case there is lag in the physical development of the baby being in the womb. As a rule, these kids is popularly known as "LBW". In most cases, the crumbs are born prematurely - before 36 weeks of pregnancy. Only about 5% of children with intrauterine growth retardation is born in time.
Varieties delay
Doctors are two types of fetal development:
- Symmetrical developmental delay
In this case, there is not only a deficit of body weight of the fetus, but also stunting, reduction in head circumference. That is, simply put, the child developed harmoniously, just less than required for the intended pregnancy.
- Asymmetrical growth retardation
In the same case, if a child underweight observed on the background of normal growth and head circumference, doctors say about the asymmetric delay development. By the way, this form of intrauterine growth retardation occurs most often.
In addition, intrauterine growth retardation, and is estimated by the degree of severity.
- The first degree - the gap in the development of the fruit for two weeks.
- Second degree - the gap in the development of the fruit for three to four weeks.
- Third Degree - the lag in the development of the fetus for more than four weeks.
As you know, the greater the degree of retardation in fetal development, the higher the risk to the health and sometimes the life of your baby.
Reasons for the delay of progression
Of course, growth retardation just will not have the so anyway, but it must be some good reason. And these reasons are many - this chromosomal abnormalities, and metabolic disorders of the fetus and the mother of hypothyroidism, and viral infections, particularly toxoplasmosis, rubella and herpes.
The asymmetrical shape of intrauterine development of the baby is often develops due to placental insufficiency. Simply put, the placenta is unable to fully supply the fruit of those nutrients that are necessary for normal development of it. Moreover - especially in cases of severe disruption of the placenta can be lack of oxygen - hypoxia.
A disruption of the placenta may occur as a result of preeclampsia, abnormal development of the umbilical cord vessels, in multiple pregnancies, as well as placenta previa. Not surprisingly, in these conditions, neither of which the normal development of the fetus and can not speak.
In addition, intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) may occur under the influence of adverse external factors - receiving future mother of certain drugs, radiation emissions, the use of alcohol, drugs, smoking. One should not forget about another interesting fact - doctors say that the presence of previous abortions at times increases the risk of delays in the development of the fetus.
However, most often to establish the reason why there was a delay in development is not possible, unfortunately. Doctors can only speculate, but certainly they do not know. Although, in fairness, it should be noted that knowledge of the reasons for not really help my mother with the baby.
Symptoms of fetal growth retardation
This pathology does not have pronounced symptoms, which could allow the expectant mother yourself suspicious. The only way to detect IUGR - intrauterine growth retardation - a timely visit your gynecologist, who noticed the problem, and appropriate treatment promptly.
Some people believe that too little weight gain during pregnancy are talking about intrauterine development. However, doctors say that it is not so! Very often, the baby is delayed development, and those women who gained even more put weight. Although, of course, if a pregnant woman suddenly decides to follow the beauty of the figure and sit on a strict diet, the baby may suffer.
If the retention rate is very high, a woman can be noted slowing of fetal movements and their weakness. Although this phenomenon may be a symptom of many disorders. But in any case it should be a very alarming and a cause to immediately call "ambulance"!
Examination of the pregnant woman
In most cases, the physician assumes that growth retardation in case fundal height less than it should be on the term of pregnancy. In simple terms, the uterus smaller than expected. After all, respectively, and the child is less than it should be.
After that the doctor is required to send the woman for an ultrasound exam, during which will be measured the circumference of the abdomen and the baby's head, the length of his thigh, and approximate weight. Furthermore, by using ultrasound can be defined as the crumbs functioning organs.
After the standard Doppler ultrasound will be carried out a study which will assess the blood flow in the vessels of the umbilical cord and placenta, and in the vessels of the baby. Then, a fetal cardiotocography - a kind of a cardiogram for the child, which will evaluate the overall condition of the child and eliminate (or confirm) fetal hypoxia.
Treatment of growth retardation
No matter what takes place a form of intrauterine growth retardation, and how much it is expressed, treatment should begin as soon as possible, immediately after the diagnosis of disease. Only in the event that a delay in the development of the crumbs are not more than a week, the doctor may not take any action, but simply to observe - but not more than a week! If no improvement occurs, treatment is still needed.
For the treatment of intrauterine development of the baby, doctors use a very large number of pharmacological agents whose action aimed at improving the blood flow in the placenta. In addition, if necessary, the doctor will prescribe a course of vitamins, which also support crumb.
Very often, a woman, who had learned about the delay in the development of your baby, taken to eat for two. However, this makes no sense - because weight gain is not your goal? Much more important is to see to it that your diet was balanced - vegetables, fruits, milk and meat products are vital, because the need for protein increases significantly. It proteins are the very "building blocks" that are needed for the baby's health.
- Daily Diet expectant mother
Not the least role in the development of the child's daily routine plays and the expectant mother. First, try as much as possible to walk in the fresh air. But, of course, overwork still not worth it - hours walking unhurried pace would be sufficient. Secondly, no harm will be and an afternoon nap - if you get some sleep at least an hour, your health will be much better. And thirdly, of course, very important to maintain emotional calm - extra stress expectant mother does not need, is not it?
Delivery when fetal growth retardation
The birth of a baby weakened - not an easy task. In each case, the doctor carefully evaluates the situation and take a decision, given the state of both mother and baby. If the delay in the development of not too large, and the general condition is satisfactory mom and baby, childbirth can be natural.
If the child is weakened too much, or he hypoxia - most likely, the doctor will decide on the need for a Caesarean section. If the condition of the mother and child allows doctors make a cesarean section in due time, when the pregnancy is completely donoshen. If the situation is critical, a cesarean section may be carried out urgently.