Another horticultural season came to an end. Come November - the last month of the final closure. For almost all the trees dropped leaves already departed songbirds disappeared (until spring) annoying flies and cheerful butterfly. Only tireless gardeners can not rest. Autumn in the garden does not require them to smaller forces than in spring or summer. And in the final stage - even more so. The main purpose of gardening in November - preparing the garden for winter and next season. How to perform this important mission, and what needs to be done for successful wintering your garden?
The life cycle of garden plants and other inhabitants of the garden dictates its conditions. For the garden there is a period of rest, and our task - safely prepare it for winter. All you need to do can be divided into the preparation of the plants, cleaning the garden and work, which is suitable rest period horticultural crops.
The November fall in the garden as follows: pruning and grafting fruit trees and shrubs; Crop and reproduction of flowering perennials and shrubs; Planting spring bulbs; shelter and insulation wintering plants; collection of leaves and autumn cleaning in the garden. Consider all this work in more detail.
Pruning of fruit trees and berry bushes
Autumn pruning these cultures affects not only the future harvest, but also on the safe wintering. Late autumn is carried out sanitary pruning of trees and shrubs. How to do it?
Patients and dry branches of fruit trees should be cut "on the ring" (removed completely on the outer annual rings at the base of the branch). Trim all tops (non-bearing vertical branches). In shrubs need to remove excess basal shoots and sprouts, dried twigs. Clean and disinfect sections (for example, a solution of copper sulfate). Sections with a large area to cover up garden pitch.
Spring grafts of fruit trees grow strongly over the summer. Therefore, the fall is necessary to replace the pegs, which are attached to the shoots to higher. It became closely tying material and should be replaced or cut.
In raspberries and blackberries should be cut all the shoots, the fruits of this year. The remaining shoots can be detached from the supports and pinned to the ground. Gooseberry and currant bushes okuchit and young berries to link (to protect against the severity of the snow cap).
Crop and reproduction of flowering plants
Perennial flowers also need to prepare for winter. Aerial parts of herbaceous perennials should be cut. Echinacea, phlox, rudbeckia, aconite cut to a height of 10-15 cm. Other colors leave "hemp" in height of 2-3 cm. Yarrow, stonecrops, Astilbe and Solidago can not cut, postponing pruning in the spring. In the flower beds and under desirable perennials to pour fresh soil.
Before the first frost is necessary to plant the bulbs muscari, crocuses, hyacinths, tulips and other spring primroses. But the bulbs and tubers of dahlias and gladiolus, on the contrary, it is necessary to dig out. Dahlias can dig up after the first night frost. Dug out the tubers should be washed, cut the damaged areas (sprinkle with powdered charcoal), dry and clean in winter storage. Gladiolus bulbs clean, dry and put in boxes.
In the winter you can also sow the cold-hardy annuals: lupine, calendula, sweet tobacco, Cosmo and rudbeckia. For sowing small seeds of flowers in his tracks (two-thirds) in the bed of the container with soil. In such containers seedlings will not be lost on the background of lush green spring.
Shelter and warming wintering plants
How to protect young plants and heat-loving crops from winter frosts? Compact bushes and saplings can completely hide a special cover material. Clematis and climbing roses to remove the poles, a little trim the lashes, and turning the ring lay on the ground. In hybrid tea roses in front of the shelter must be cut flowers and flower buds. Insulate the bushes need not earlier than the sub-zero temperatures of 8-10 degrees will be stable.
For a complete shelter of bushes for insulating materials (eg sawdust) need to pour a mound and lay on top of a special coating or conventional polyethylene, pressing the edges with stones or bricks. Especially valuable varieties is pre-covered wooden frame.
For warming the roots of young plants can be filled tree trunks compost, sawdust or dry peat. To protect against rodents can wrap the trunks of roofing material or to wind kapron stockings. From starved winter birds (if they dwell near) trees will protect tying needles pine spruce branches down.
For arborvitae, rhododendron and boxwood are not so terrible cold, as the spring sun that can burn the plants. Frost and sunlight to protect them from the wrapper matting, burlap or other covering materials except polyethylene (beneath these plants may rot). To not spoil the snow pine trees, their branches with string tie, put them under frames or backup.
Cleaning of garden
Cleaning of garden too is an important part of its pre-winter preparation. Before you prepare the garden for winter finally, it is necessary to put it in order. To begin, place the order in the trees and bushes. After sanitary pruning to remove branches and butterflies wintering nest of dried fruit. All this burn. The same fire, send the fallen leaves, cut stems of annuals and other vegetable waste. Such a fire will help in the prevention of plant diseases and elimination of pests have prepared for the winter.
In the tree trunks of trees and berry bushes dig up the ground without breaking the clods of earth. Due to this soil chilled and wintering pests die in it. With the same purpose (pest) lime trunks and skeletal branches of fruit trees. Using bark or dry leaves, Zamulchiruyte nezimostoykimi soil under trees and shrubs.
Clear the lawn of dry leaves, dead grass and moss. Cut the it. November - the best time for the last haircut: before frosts grass time to grow back to a sufficient height (6-8 cm). Higher grass can vymerznut and vypret. If the lawn places "bald", that at this time you can pour the seeds (they are no longer rastaschat ants, and in the spring before the first mowing seeds have time to germinate).
If your garden has a pond, it is also necessary to prepare for winter. From small artificial ponds most of the water to drain better. To reduce the pressure of the ice on the walls of the pond containers should put on the bottom or incomplete sticks in plastic water bottles.
For deeper ponds (especially if they live plants and fish) require more thorough preparation. Even before the frost, clean the pond of fallen leaves. Heat-loving plants in the pond baskets or pots (arrowhead, Pontedera) to move to where the water is certainly not freeze. If the depth of your pond is not less than 80 cm, it will be able to fish safely through the winter. You just have to make sure that the surface water is not completely covered with ice. For convenience, you can buy special systems that do not give appear icy crust.
So do not waste time and rush to complete all the necessary preparations before the onset of frosts. Because of how to prepare the garden for the winter depends on his health, beauty and fertility. And that means - the success of the upcoming season!